Of obscure origin, perhaps from another Germanic anthroponym, see DOELP. Some say that it could refer to steps. In La Fregeneda it is called Escallón. Cited bibliography:  -DOELP = Machado, José Pedro. Dicionário onomástico etimológico da língua portuguesa. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, 2003, 3ª ed.

Barrancos is a transparent toponym. It has an obvious correspondence with the homonymous appellation, both in Portuguese and Spanish: the plural of the word barranco, an irregular excavation generally made by rain or alluvium. The word developed the meaning of ‘river that forms in winter and dries up or can dry up in summer’. This…

It is motivated by its establishment as a sentry or guard post.

Here, too, the Portuguese toponym is quite transparent: Cerveira, from the Latin cervaria ‘place of deer’ (Cfr. DOELP, s. v. Cerveira). Cited bibliography: -DOELP = Machado, José Pedro. Dicionário onomástico etimológico da língua portuguesa. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, 2003, 3ª ed.

Its previous name was Contrasta (‘the one in front’) and it changed its name to improve it (Valença stands for ‘valiant’). It received its present name in 1262 by order of King Afonso III of Portugal. The toponymic complement do Minho is added to distinguish it from other Valença. Cfr. DOELP (s. v. Valença). Cited…

It comes from Tude, mentioned in the Antonine Itinerary as the capital of the Grovi, hence the name tudense. It has been related to the Cantabrian place names Tudes and Tudanca, for which a possible base tout “people, nation” has also been suggested.

The DOELP (s. v.) gives an etym *Montianus, monteanus “mountainous, mountainous”, derived from monte-. Cited bibliography:  -DOELP = Machado, José Pedro. Dicionário onomástico etimológico da língua portuguesa. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, 2003, 3ª ed.

It does not refer to anything that increases in size, but to an anthroponym, since it comes from the name of a possessor: (Villa) Crescentii.  

In Coto Mixto, the exotoponyms Turei and Turén are used to refer to the Portuguese population. The DOELP (s. v. Tourém) notes that it probably comes from Teoderendi (villa), genitive from Teodoro, through a Toerei, then Tourei? -thus documented in 1258. Cited bibliography: -DOELP = Machado, José Pedro. Dicionário onomástico etimológico da língua portuguesa. Lisboa:…

With hagionymic reference. The current toponymic complement, by the name of the nearby town, serves to distinguish it from the various homonyms.